土地完全被统治者霸占。

The land was simply appropriated by the rulers.

与孔子不同，苏格拉底没有被统治者问及该如何有效治理国家。

Unlike Confucius, Socrates was not asked by rulers how to govern effectively.

随后，程朱理学被统治者提升为官方哲学，并规定为科举考试的主要内容。

Later, neo-Confucianism was upgraded to official philosophy by the ruling class, which made it a rule that neo-Confucianism should be the main content of the imperial civil examinations.

二百多年的历史中，清朝宫廷里有许多扑朔迷离的事件因种种原因被统治者极力的掩盖起来，成了历史的悬案。

Two hundreds ago, so many whirling events , which were covered up by the governors in the Qing Dynasty for a variety of reasons, became cases of pendency.