第二章：分析赋役与流民产生的关系。

Second chapter: to analyze relations of taxes and refugees.

与此不同，中国古代帝王征收赋役无需征得民众的同意。

On the contrary, an ancient Chinese emperor levied taxes and corvee, dispensing with people's consent.

而中国“秦制”以后赋役制度的基础在于，皇权是一切“子民”人身和财产的最终所有者、支配者。

In China, however, the foundation of taxation since the Qin Dynasty onward lay in that the imperial power was the final owner and dominator of all persons and their possessions.

该项制度的产生，主要是受中国古代社会注重维护宗法家族利益精神的影响，也与维护乡党利益、处理相邻关系及其些赋役征发的法例和习惯等因素有关。

The origin of this system was affected by the spirit of focusing on consolidating the clan family interest, dealing with the neighborhood relationship, and levying some taxes.